HolinessPopeMagpie X-3-273.html

Holiness Pope Magpie X-3

Vie Du pape Pie X -3-

The Patriarchy of Venice (1893-1903)

The cardinal Sarto fixed its entry in Venice for November 24, 1894. He/it had this event of two acts in solemn form preceded, The 8in of these acts is the first pastoral Letter addressed to the supporters of his/her/its new diocese. Dated of Mantua, September 5, 1984, of it celebrates it of saint Laurent Justinien, bishop of Venice, this letter was of a singular importance. For the good to understand, it is necessary to know that, to make itself/themselves forgive by the Stalls that that they called his/her/its abdication in favor of the Holy See, Crispi made publish in the press and in the masonic committees that his/her/its act was not at the bottom that an act of condescension opposite the cardinal Sarto some that it had found a mind fully arranged to the "conciliations". The cardinal could not be mistaken on the real sense of this word in the mind of such adversaries, also, to his/her/its first pastoral Letter, that one even where he announced his/its entry in Venice, he wanted to affirm, with the most absolute cleanness, a stand that permitted no doubt on the principles that were going to inspire his/her/its conduct, and that were, besides, as the summary of the doctrines that he had until professed overtly. In this letter, he/it said, among others: God is hunted of the politics, by the theory of the separation of the church and the state,; of the science, by the doubt erected in system,; of the art debased by the realism; of the laws modeled on the morals of the flesh and blood; of the schools by the abolition of the catechism; of the family finally, that one wants to secularize in his/her/its origin and to deprive the grace of the sacrament, God is hunted of the thatched cottage of the poor people that disdains to ask for comfort to the one that only can return them tolerable their hard condition. He/it is hunted of the palace of the rich that doesn't fear the threats of this eternal Judge that will ask them for a rigorous account of the use anymore, of theirs goods. He/it is underestimated of the powerful that don't lower their proud forehead anymore and believes to be sufficient themselves to themselves… It is necessary to fight the capital crime of the modern age, that pretends sacriliègement to substitute the man for Dieu`apporter the light of the precepts and the evangelical advice, and the one of the works of the church, in all these problems that the gospel and the church so clearly have and triumphally resolute: education, family, property, rights and duties: to re-establish the Christian understanding between the various social conditions: to pacify the earth and to populate the sky: there is the mission that I must pursue among you, submitting all thing to the authority of God, Christ, and his/her/its priest on the earth, the pope.

Going directly to the clergy of the patriarchy, he/it probably denounced him the peril for them most dangerous and in the what so much ready, alas! Had sunk, and he/it put them in guard, in categorical terms, against this pain.

That the priests, he/it said, make sure not to accept no to the ideas of this liberalism, that, under the obvious of the good, pretends to reconcile the justice and the iniquity, the liberal Catholics are wolves covered with the fleece of the lambs; it is why the priest really priest must unveil to the people confided to his/her/its cares their dangerous traps and their bad intentions. You will be called popish, clerical, retrograde, uncompromising. Praise of it to you! … Are strong, and obey to this command that Isaïe recalls: "Shout and doesn't stop you, raise the voice like a trumpet, and announcement to my people his/her/its scélératesses and to Jacob's half-season his/her/its sins." While conforming me, when to me, to the justice, to the piety, to the charity, to the patience, to leniency, I will fight the good fight of the faith that I professed before many witnesses, and with the celestial grace I will observe this immaculate command, irreprehensible until the end of my life (1).

Newspapers and public applauded to one so noble and so faithful language. Only, says L. Daelli, the newspapers of the sect kept silence (2)…
The second act in solemn form of the cardinal Sarto was his/her/its letter to the syndic of Venice to announce him his/her/its next arrival. It was then the démocratico-social party that directed the Municipe, and one wondered with a curiosity mingled of apprehension what would be the attitude of two powers. Here is the text of the cardinal's letter to the mayor of Venice, Ricardo Selvatico,:

Illustrissime Lord

Approaching the day where I had to assume the spiritual government of this distinguished diocese, it is not a duty to express to V.S. Illme and to your honorable colleagues of the City council, my respectful homages. So, while presenting me like citizen, me then to give you the insurance that I will never miss to duties that me his/her/its imposed not only by the law, but by the social etiquettes; as patriarch, I hope to find in the honorable representatives of this famous city the help that will make less difficult, the exercise of my sacred ministry. And this, not only I hope for it but the I hold for insured; because, some distinct that are our two fields of action, in one and in the other we must aim to the truth a lot of citizen, and he/it cannot have a collision there between our two powers, since the religion and the society have one only and same Author. In the confidence that Your Lordship will want to accept the humble office that I counsel my heart and that I offer entire to those that I don't honor to call my fellow citizens; with my deepest consideration, I am your very devoted servant.

+ Joseph Sarto
Cardinal Patriarche

The mayor of Venice answered:

Eminence,

I am thankful to your eminence for the kindness with which you wanted to really communicate to the representatives of this city announces it of your imminent arrived in Venice. In my name and to the my of my colleagues of the Council, I offer you a respectful hello. Be the welcome, Eminence, who comes to fill the supreme ecclesiastical officie and to exercise your august mission of peace and the charity. The assignments of the township appear so distinctly distinct to me of those of the religious power that no conflict had to emerge between them, especially if this courtesy of personal reports exists of which your Eminence, in his/her/its letter wanted to give us the testimony and that, of our part, will continue us fairly to observe. Thus, the harmony enters two powers, that your Eminence, so nobly, want, much better than by agreements or compromises that would suit the spiritual dignity of one badly and to the essentially laic character of the other, will be born spontaneously of their mutual respect and the scrupulous and inviolable cutoff of their offices. In this mind, I renew to your Eminence the insurance of my homages and those of my colleagues, and I express the wish that the stay in our city is you dear and very pleasant.

Of your Eminence Rme, very devoted,
R.Salvatico,
mayor of Venice (3)

To the announcement of the cardinal's next arrival, it was at Venice a real explosion of enthusiasm, the diocesan committee published this call:

Fellow citizens! Venice deposits its coat of mourning that since three years, his/her/its pastor's widowhood imposes to him, with his/her/its adornments of feasts, as to the days of the ancient victories, it meets her/its Father very wanted, the cardinal patriarch Joseph Sarto, truce to the sadness: it is reasonable to be delighted, to raise to God of acknowledgments, since the obstacles that opposed during so long to the realization of our common expectations, have been surmounted. Let's rejoice ourselves: the Catholic to have such a Chief: the no-Catholic for such an example, the poor to have found a benefactor, the rich an adviser, the poor wretch a comforter. (4).

The Vita newspaper Popolo del published a cordial article of which here is an excerpt:

Glory and abundant fruits of blessings celestial to the man that, in all acts of his/her/its ministerial and Episcopal life, gave to all those that one known of the magnificent proofs of an expeditious and lucid mind, of a noble soul, of an abundant and hot oratory, in a gracious manners, of an ardent goodwill and d,une inexhaustible charity. For it everywhere and always he/it was admired, revered and beloved. Advance now, oh Prince of The Catholic church, advance in the name of God who sends to you, toward the Queen of the Adriatic sea, fertile and happy mother of big and holy men,; she/it welcomes in you a big apostle of the Truth, the saint burnt by the charity, and, happy, she/it applauds and blesses you.

On his/her/its side, the Difesa, in a special and illustrated number, greeted the new patriarch by this poetic enrollment, framed of a summary of the cardinal's life. We will give this "enrollment" in his/her/its Italian text, so that one can seize better sometimes the nuances very difficult, otherwise impossible to translate precisely

I trionfi degli avi
Per the onda solenne del Canale Grande
Venezia oggi rinnova
The phalanx raggiante dei patrii schifi
Tra inni, tra colori, tra gubili infinti
Traendo dietro has you
Card. Patriarca Giuseppe Sarto
Che collar santo sorriso del buono strong del
To you solo debitor della gloria
Ascendi S. Marco
Ad impalmare sospirato the sposa
Che Leone XIII ti destinava
Coll'augusta regina dei husband
Plaudenti the cento citta sorelle.

Oh ventura of Italia
Himself pacate the ire amessi gli orgogli insani
Quindi finalmente imparasse
Nel ritorno fidente went papal fede
Ogni sweat speranza (5)

When the clergy, in his/her/its immense majority, he/it welcomed with happiness the arrival of the new patriarch. However, deposited a particularly authorized witness, My Lord J. Jeremich, "some, knowing the cardinal's firmness, showed a few dread (trepidazione), by what one said that he/it had one but of iron in a velvet glove (una mano di fierro velllutala) (6)."

November 24, 1894, S. Ém. the cardinal Sarto made its entry in Venice. The receipt was an indescribable triumph. Newspapers and biographies returned of it of large echoes. Among the newspapers, She/it Sparkled, literary weekly published, to the date of this day, November 24, 1894, in sumptuous stocks and in first page, a magnificent poem, framed of the main dates of the cardinal's life. We will only say, when to us, that the receipt made to the new patriarch was, of all point, worthy of the pomps of the "Sérénissime republic". "The authorities and the various deputations, said L. Daëlli, vied to pay for their tribute of homages to the prince who took possession of his/her/its illustrate seat (7)."

The feast was yet especially the people's feast, unanimous, overflowing of enthusiasm and rejoicing. Without all, the course that shortcoming the triumphal cortege, among the cheerings of an innumerable, only crowd a house appeared without decoration: the palace of the Township. The fact is attested, to the informative suit, by several witnesses, among others grant J. Pescini that says: "The new patriarch was welcomed with demonstrations absolutely extraordinary of respect and devotion, the windows only municipe was the only ones to remain closed (8)." My Lord Marchesan that attended the receipt, as representative, with Jgr. Pallizzari, of the seminary of Trévise, attest and tell the triumphal welcome for a long time makes to the cardinal, not only to his/her/its entries, but again the following day in the ceremony celebrated to Saint-Marc. He/it also noted the gesture of the municipe, for the decoration (9).

Certainly, the setting was suitable miraculously to such a triumph, that would be able to write the splendor of Venice, marvel of the maritime cities, queen of the Adriatic, this city of which a former poet had the audacity to write comparing it in very Rome,:

Illam homines dices, hanc posuisse deos! (10)

And what incomparable historic memories, by turns glorious and tragic, stank to present themselves to the cardinal's mind, when he/it landed to the big Channel, or that he/it crossed the Piazetta near the big place Saint-Marc, standing, clothed of purple, smiling and blessing! Possessor of an immense ancient culture, maybe he/it evoked these lines of Cassiodore, secretary and historian of Tréodoric, king of the Wisigothses, telling, hundred years after Attila's death, the life intense of the Venetians,:

Already possessors of a marine, they challenge the storms of the ocean and running them of the streams; they construct some houses like nests of seagulls; strengthen the soil of their islands with pickets and dams; amass the sand to break the fury of the streams. Rich and poor live the same existence, put joint their courage and their work, without showing desire nor other vices, and what they produce is more precious than gold…

Maybe he/it evoked the origins extremely tormented of the "Republic Sérénissime"; the creation of an unique chief, dux or doge, the innumerable vicissitudes of the government of the doges, the institution of the Council of the ten (11); then, until the XVIIe centuries the walk to the glory, political and military glory, especially artistic fair by the stupendous flowering of the monuments of architecture and painting; ducal palace and basilica Saint-Marc, chiefs-d'œuvre of Mantegna and Jean Bellin, of Barbarelli, of Giorgione, compatriot of Giuseppe Sarto, of the Titen, of the Tintoret, of Paul Véronèse, "the lyric poet of the Venetian pump", of Tiepolo, etc., and for the decay, due, as always, to the overflow of the luxury and the enjoyment, to the schemings of the politics,; the abdication of the Large Council between Bonaparte's hands, May 12, 17987, the treaty of Campo-Formio, delivering the the Austria Venice and all his/her/its territory,; the arts bury in the same tomb that the liberty; the rebirth finally, with the reconquest, grace especially to the rare qualities of valor to the labor, of flexible and fine intelligence of the Venetian people, that was going to make from Venice, "the pearl of waters"… the cardinal knew the ecclesiastical glories of Venice as in depth. He/it knew after how many problems the pope Nicolas V had transferred primitively to Venice the seat of the affected patriarchy to the bishopric of Aquilée. He/it knew that the seat of Venice was occupied then by a saint, Laurent Justinien…

The palace of the patriarch of Venice, on the place Laoncini ds or of the Small - Bind, rise on the left of the gold" "basilica, making during to the ducal palace of which he/it is like one overtime.

Constructs in 1620, under doge Priuli, written L. Daeilli, he/it was increased considerably and was restored very well by the Austrian government, under the patriarchy of the cardinal Monico.

One gave him his/her/its fronting then in style of the XVIII century. He/it is formed of four big wings that surround the former court of the canons. The Fronting that looks at the place understands, to the ground floor, a first cabinet of work and the bedrooms of the patriarch and his/her/its secretary. To the first floor, is a second office and the room of the throne, splendidly decorated of gold motives on red bottom. Along the walls the portraits of the predecessors of the cardinal Sarto follow each other; above throne is the one of the reigning pope. The others ground floor is occupied by the servants. The kitchens, the dining room, the room plain of the receipts, and, on the left, the historic room of the feasts, that communicated once with the ducal palace of which she/it made part. His/her/its name comes him of that that the doge received there to dine the big Lords of the Republic Sérénissime, to the solennités of Marc saint, the ascension, Guy saint and Étienne saint. The frescos of the three compartments of the big ceiling are the work of Jacques Guarana; on the sides two remarkable canvases of Nicolas Bambini are, representing, one The Time discovering the Truth, the other, The Virtue hunting Vices. One raised in this room a small altar, by what the patriarches of Venice have custom, the days of Sunday t of feasts, to give the confirmation there. The chapel deprives the bishop communicates with the room of the feasts; this and rather a small oratory, with a minuscule altar, a picture of some value and a path of the Cross (12)…

With the cardinal Sarto, to the patriarchal palace of Venice, were going to relive immediately, in a curiously enlarged field, the simple, modest habits, austere of the vicariat of Tombolo, of the cure of Salazano, of the Mantua bishopric…

While collecting the direct, fully in agreement testimonies, it is comfortable to reconstitute the cardinal's daily life style during his/her/its patriarchy, in the beginning, as to Mantua, he/it rose at four o'clock. But, following extreme fatigue caused by the preparation of the diocesan synod, he/it agreed to delay his/her/its rising until five hours, deaf to the advice that one gave him to plan and to take more rest. He/it celebrated the Mass at six hours, after his/her/its prayer and preparation.

After the action of graces, deposited his/her/its sister, Maria Sarto, he/it took a cup of coffee and retired has his/her/its room. He/it remained to his/its survey until the lunchtime. Two times per week, and it was, seem me him, Monday and Friday, he/it gave audience, but all others days, it was all ready to receive all those that wanted to speak to him…

According to the set of the testimonies, one has the impression distinctly that if, in the beginning, the cardinal agreed to restrict somewhat his/her/its audiences, well quickly he suppressed practically all limits, receiving every day, at all hour of the day, especially the poor people and the poor wretches.

He/it surrendered to eats lunch at fourteen o'clock, and his/her/its lunch was modest, as to Mantua, almost always, it had invited some, and then it told me to lengthen soup. I signalled to him that there were little thing for the lunch. He/it answered me while smiling: "You will say that they will make here the conferment and that the lunch, then, them the forehead outside. " After the lunch, he/it took a little rests, then a little coffee, rarely, he/it went for a walk, and, to the summer, during three months, by order of the physician, he/it surrendered in the Lido, early, when he/it was called for the confirmation, he/it surrendered of it expeditiously, even until hospital. On in the evening, he/it made the visit to the Saint-Sacrament, transporting itself/themselves in the "Coretto" that watches toward the cathédral. At nine hours, before dining, he/it recited himself the Rosary with us. Besides My Lord Bresan, that made secretary's function, God's Servant had a master of room again, young clerk who ate and slept at the archdiocese and that, the day followed the courses of the seminary. These masters of room were therefore Mr. Jeremich, Mr. Poescini, Speranto angelo, grant Francesco Petich and a certain Ciaccoli grant, of which I don't remember the name. These masters of room followed each other because, neat priests, they were destined to other offices by God's Servant. He/it finally had, as person of service, the valet and a gondolier, today defunct, and that ate also at the archdiocese, and that the cardinal dealt all with big familiarity (13).

But take the deposition of Maria Sarto

God's Servant practiced the sacramental confession, he had for plain confessor the P. Ignazio Segari, of Jesus' Company, that came at home two or three times the week. To Mantua he/it had his/its confessor also: It was My Lord Alfini, canon of the cathedral, that came at home two or three times the week.

With so precious details the depositions of the other witnesses" agree. Some add some features or specify the of it others: Let's raise these features borrowed to one the most intimate witnesses, grant Joannes Jeremich,: After having finished his/her/its exercises of piety, he/it usually read the newspapers of the city to keep informed of the events. The newspapers were brought him by the gondolier, but he/it had subscribed paying to the Difesa and other Catholic newspapers. At the end audiences, he/it had custom to come with his/her/its visitors, of a few term that they were, until the door of the room. To noon, he/it received to the audience the general priest and the chancellor for the business of the diocese. He/it especially liked to converse with want it Mr. Mrion, general priest, who informed it of all relative news to the ecclesiastical history of the diocese. He/it held it in high esteem. I notice that in the conversations (with his/her/its familiar) as during the meals, he/it never spoke of the things concerning the government of the diocese, toward the twenty-two hours, he/it retired to his/its room, and when he/it didn't have urgent jobs, his/her/its finished prayers, he/it lay down. (Other witnesses or historians assure that he/it usually lay down at midnight. During the Convention eucharistique, and especially during the preparation of the diocesan synod, it happened to him to continue his/her/its work all night long, so that, the morning, the valet realized that the bed had not been undone. (16)

Of the viewpoint of the food régime, the same witness, who was a visual and daily witness of the patriarch's life, declare: God's Servant, was indeed temperate… During the four years that I seen master of room, I frequently had the opportunity to note that he/it never changed his/her/its temperate life method, I never perceived that he/it yielded to his/its natural appetites in this matter; I realized, on the contrary, that he/it knew how to dominate them strongly. Customarily, to table, he/it had a soup carried, a dish (it was a dish of meat with furniture of vegetables), a cheese, sometimes also of the fruits, if the Providence sent to of it. When he/it had of the guests of mark and Sunday, he/it also admitted a second dish. He/it also drank a little wine, but in tiny quantity. When he/it had some hosts, as also in the big solennités, he/it offered to his/its commensaux a bottle of more distinguished wine, than him-even poured to his/her/its hosts. (17).

Let's note well here, with the personal mortification of God's Servant and his/her/its cult of poverty, the perfects gentleness of the cardinal, the worry to observe, it is necessary to say even in big Lord, the human etiquettes, and the rules of the charity, perfectly simple, poor and austere for himself, but full of considerations for the other, to the height of all circumstances of his/her/its situation and his/her/its load. It is necessary to add that, according to the deposition of the his/her/its secretaries My Lord Bressan and Pescinis grant, he/it would be set up full of solicitude for their health, making them serve particular dishes every time that they had need of it. Same worry of simplicity and poverty years his/her/its dresses.

He/it always practiced poverty. Continue grant Joannès Jeremich. He/it never wanted a non-essential, but he/it didn't infringe either ever to the decorum of life and to the various degrees of his/her/its asceticism. When to the dresses, he/it preferred those that were plain. When one gave him some distinguished clothes, he/it was not only rare he/it made grant of it to industrious priests… He/it seemed that the things ostentatious weigh him a lot (18)..

Some cardinal hurried about the cappa, L. Daëilli tells:

He/it had bought, for about hundred francs, his/her/its predecessor's cappa cardinalice shreds it Agostini; when he/it saw it excessively glossy. He/it fixed up and served itself of it like a new. At the end, he/it resigned himself/itself to make dye in red his/her/its bishop's ornaments, it doesn't succeed very well: a leaves of holds half note came out again that stain made. The cardinal ends up concluding while laughing: "It doesn't matter, always go; of this train I will arrive certainly to the papacy": joke allusion to the pope's white cassock; he/it didn't believe so well to say!

Such was, in Venice, years his/her/its big lines, the intimate life style of the Cardinal Sarto. The patriarch's pastoral Œuvre was, in another manner, also admirable and of a really stupendous fertility.

The following day of his/her/its triumphal entry, the cardinal Sarto celebrated, in the basilica Saint-Marc, his/her/its first papal Mass. After the Mass, turning toward his/her/its people he/it spoke. It was, writes Marchesan, "the speech of a real apostle, of a true pastor of souls, a discerning, moving, suggestive speech. His/her/its gesture was temperate, expressive, the clear, harmonious voice, the look full of goodness, the easy and spontaneous expression (20)."

On his/her/its side, the newspaper The Difesa described, the following day e the ceremony:

… Our patriarch possesses, if one can express itself of the sort, the magic of the apostolic, discerning, convincing, suggestive speech. Without no of his/her/its sophistications where too often one gets for effect (effetto) to please, but no the feeling (affetto) that overheats and moves, our patriarch, hardly he/it has begun to speak, already has the first stroke conquered the attention and the sympathy of all.

Since this first contact with his/her/its people's soul, the patriarch affirmed, or let rather explode with his/her/its deep and paternal attachment, his/her/its pastoral program and as the summary of his/her/its life, dedicated all to God's glory and to the heroic charity for the neighbor. He/it says, among others:

Me, I should be ashamed to have been the object of such feasts and so big honors of your part, but I know that the feasts and honors you don't return them to my poor person, but well to the Christ, to the big King and Legislator that I represent, and to the name of which I came among you. You wanted by there to recognize the dignity of which God invested me, by his/her/its Priest's oracle on the earth, and to demonstrate me qu you see in me your bishop, your father, your patriarch… Since this instant, I like you all… I like you, no of a terrestrial and carnal love, but of a strong and celestial love, that especially aims to procure the good of your souls… You have my heart and my love of you me desire that a correspondence of affection. Me, I wish ardently that, while liking me, you can say with the whole sincerity of vote soul: our patriarch is a man of right intentions, who doesn't want any means terms, holds loud without stain the flag of Priest of the Christ, and that na of other goal that to sustain and to defend the virité and to make the good..

… But the bishop is not only the way, he is also the truth. Is it that must preach the divine truth, who is contained, as in a precious case, in the sacred Letters inspired of God, and to be by the people his/her/its faithful interpreter, and the bishop, how will be able to t him now this divine speech without she/it is choked by the voice of the century who looks for only to corrupt it, to destroy it, to choke it? God says in the writing: "Unhappy to the mute dogs, misfortune to the sentries that don't shout." Also a sacrosanct duty I am incumbent, dear sons, to speak honestly for the defense of the truth,; so that God doesn't wonder account of the young man that gets lost in the labyrinth of one education corrupted; so that God doesn't wonder account either of the loss of those that often hates and hate bishop's character, representing the Christ.

The bishop is life, mainly by his/her/its opérosité". work is joy, glory and fatigue. If this opérosité" admires itself when the bishop pontificates at the altar, when he preaches, when he instructs the pupils of the sanctuary, when he confirms the young, ever however she doesn't appear as sublime as when the bishop mingles with the people, becomes like one the most abandoned of his/her/its sons, and carry his/her/its arm, his/her/its hands, his/her/its speech, of peace and love in the middle of the poor people, but since today his/her/its treasures are exhausted, since the bishop became impotent to rescue miseries, what pain for his/her/its heart to know that he has so much that cries of it, that there is so many widows, of orphans, who die of hunger. Oh rich, help your patriarch to make the charity; make it to his/her/its destitute, thinking sons that you make it to himself, better again, that you make it to the Christ. It is I that ask you for the charity for them. In these times so sad, that of misled that get lost in the trails of vice, how much that give in to all take offenses! And if these were my sons? One! what bursts heart for me! Hey well! know that I am ready to give for them my blood and my life. To save them, I am ready at any sacrifice, of my time, of my joys, and also of my inclinations. So, to save a soul. He/it agreed that I approach of someone that abominates the bishop of the holy Church, yes, I would make it. I will work, thankful to God if I collect some fruits of my fatigues, I will work happy, even in the desert. You, will tell you me with Mathatias, you that have the goodwill of the law come after me, sustain me, work with me, and God will grant us this grace that I implore on you, giving you my blessing (21)!.

How of such words, sprung of such a soul, would not have-t they don't produce the quickest and deepest emotion? He/it is not exaggerated to say that, since this instant, the heart of the Venetian people was conquered.

A short time after, in his/her/its first homily to the cathedral Saint Marc, the cardinal, taking for text these words of the Saints Books,: "Justilia raised gentes, miseros autem facit populos peccatum", pronounced serious and courageous words. With an extraordinary vigor that more striking returned the perfectly measured and discreet terms, he/it denounced, in the s deploring, the big introduced better than the revolutionary mind in the society; he/it defined the true liberty and made a feeling call to the Christ's charity, Words had known too much and of a tragic actuality for our time:

The true liberty doesn't consist in the absolute independence and in the anarchy, that is most ferocious tyrants. Where there is not a master, said a docte apologist, all are main, and a nation without master is a nation of slaves. Poor people! To flatter you one calls you sovereign; but you seer in the dust, become the stool of the schemers, that wanted to rise on your ruin, logically you rebelled! In the language of the writing, as in the one of all peoples, the free condition par excellence, in opposition to the slavery, is the condition of subsidiary: to be son and to be free are all one. However son's condition is subordinated to the obedience again because in the family, there is a scepter, an authority, a power. To become free, therefore, doesn't want to tell to leave to the of the rank of the slaves to enter in the one of the rebels, but it leave the boss's yoke to be put under the father's power, and to be transferred of the domain of the things to the one of people and to abandon serfdom to be aggregated to the family. And to arrive to this emancipation, Venice didn't only procure the liberty of people, but the one of the institutions. To proclaim highly free, a country and to load a yoke the public institutions, and a lie, it is a cruel derision!

In Republic of Venice the charity reigned in sovereign, but not the one that marks the poor of a seal, of abjectness, and watches it like an abject being, that it would like to be from the middle of the society and to shut in in a place closed not to have before the eyes the continual reproach of an impertinent luxury, but well Christ's charity that sees in the men of other brothers, rescues all their necessities, to find an asylum for their needs, as the monuments attest it that in spite of so much waste, preach the charity Venetian again (22). Immediately cardinal gets to the work. November 17, it is - to say three day hardly after his/her/its entry, he/it makes visit to the syndic, to the City council, to prefect count Garacciolo. Act of deference probably, very laudable; but also, can - to be even it is necessary to say; but especially, act of charity, because, with the municipal administration, the patriarch of Venice inquires of the needs the most pressing and most serious of the city; with the prefect he/it converses on the means to rescue the victims of the earthquakes who had just distressed Sicily and Calabria. These visits ended by another visit of charity very clean to touch the cœurs of the Venetians: a visit and a long prayer to the cemetery (23).

(1). Archives du Patriarcat de Venise
(2). Op.cit., p.143
(3). Archives du Patriarcat. Cité par Marchesan, op. cit., p.334
(4). Dans Marchesan, op. cit., p.333
(5). Essais de tradition :
Venise aujourd’hui renouvelle, sur l’onde solennelle du Grand Canal, les triomphes des aïeux amenant la phalange radieuse des barques des pères, au milieu des hymnes, des couleurs, de joies infinies, à ta suite, ,ô Cardinal Joseph Sarto toi qui avec un sourire saint, digne des bons et des forts, monte à Saint –Marc qui devra à toi seul cette gloire, pour prendre en main cette Épouse après qui tu soupires, et que Léon XIII te destinait- En même temps que l’auguste reine des mers, cent cités sœurs applaudissent. O Italie, heureuse seras-tu si ayant apaisé les colères et repoussée les orgueils stupides , tu apprends finalement de cette fête, à mettre toutes ton espérance dans le retour conviant à la foi des papes.
(6). Proc, Apost. Venetus,p.76 Sum.Virt., p. 484
(7). Op.cit., p.146
(8). Porc. Apost. Romanus, vol, II, p. 823. Sum. Virt., p..129
(9). Marchesan, op. cit., pp.336 à 344 . Cf. Maria Sarto , Sum I.C. P.45. Anna Sarto p.65. Mgr. Jeremich. Ibid., p.383
(10). Les homme fondèrent Rome, les dieux Venise.
(11). En 1310
(12). Op. cit., pp. 148-150
(13). L. Daëilli nous a conservé leur nom : le valet de chambre s’appelait Jean Gornati, et le gondolier V. Cavaldoro
(14). L. Daëilli , op. Cit., pp.154-155
(15). Proc. Apost. Romanus, vol. I.pp.73-76. Sum.virt., pp.203-204
(16). Proc.Apost. Venetus, p.79.Sum.Virt., p. 486
(17). Ibid., pp.168-169. Ibid., pp. 507-508
(18). Loc.sit., p.509
(19). Op.cit., pp. 155-156
(20). Op.cit., p. 342
(21). Cité par Marchesa, op.cit., pp.343-344
(22). Ibid. p.354
(23). according to Marchesan, op, cit., p. 346